Aluminum profile extrusion is a plastic processing method. By applying external force, the metal blank placed in the extrusion barrel flows out from a specific die hole to obtain the aluminum material with the required cross-sectional shape and size. The aluminum profile extrusion machine consists of a machine base, a front column frame, a tension column, an extrusion barrel, and a hydraulic system under electrical control. It is also equipped with a die base, ejector pin, scale plate, slide plate, etc.
According to the differences of type of metal in the aluminum profile extrusion barrel, the stress and strain state, the extrusion direction of the aluminum profile, the lubrication state, the extrusion temperature, the extrusion speed, the type or structure of the tool and die, the shape or number of blanks, and the shape or number of products, aluminum profile extrusion methods can be divided into forward extrusion method, reverse extrusion method, lateral extrusion method, glass lubrication extrusion method, hydrostatic extrusion method, continuous extrusion method, etc.
The aluminum profile extrusion process includes the following steps:
1. Raw material preparation: Heat the aluminum rod, the raw material of the aluminum profile, to a certain temperature, put it into the extruder, and fix the mold on the machine tool.
2. Extrusion: Place the heated aluminum rod into the aluminum profile mold, heat the aluminum rod to obtain the desired shape.
3. Forming: Use the forming tools on the machine to form the aluminum profile raw materials.
4. Cooling: Place the extruded aluminum profile into cooling equipment for cooling to ensure its shape is stable.
5. Installation: Install the cooled aluminum profile on the machine tool, and then cut it according to the meter number of the aluminum profile.
6. Inspection: Use testing instruments to conduct quality inspection on the extruded aluminum profiles.
7. Packaging: Pack the qualified aluminum profiles.
There are also some precautions during the aluminum profile extrusion process. For example, the temperature must be strictly controlled during the heating process to avoid deformation or cracking of the aluminum material due to too high or too low temperature. At the same time, the mold must be kept clean during the extrusion process to avoid deterioration in the surface quality of the aluminum material due to mold contamination. In addition, the cooling rate must be controlled during the cooling process to avoid problems such as cracking due to excessive internal stress in the aluminum due to excessive cooling. The details are as follows:
1. The extrusion mold should be precision cast or processed with high precision, and the surface should have a good finish to ensure that the extruded aluminum profile has a smooth surface and accurate dimensions.
2. The design of the extrusion die should take into account the characteristics of the material. The die should have enough grooves or reinforcements to reduce bending deformation to ensure that the extruded aluminum profile has a stable shape and no bending deformation.
3. During the extrusion process, the pressure of the extruder needs to be adjusted to ensure the plastic deformation of the material during the extrusion process. Too much or too little pressure will affect the quality of the aluminum profile.
4. When extruding aluminum profiles, the thermal expansion coefficient of the material should be taken into consideration to avoid expansion and deformation during the extrusion process. Therefore, it is necessary to control the extrusion speed and temperature to ensure the dimensional accuracy of aluminum profiles.
5. Pay attention to the smoothness of the surface of the aluminum profile to ensure the appearance quality of the extruded product. If scratches, oxidation and other defects are found on the surface, timely measures should be taken to repair or replace the mold.
6. It is necessary to pay attention to the temperature of the aluminum profile to ensure that the characteristics of the material remain unchanged during processing. Too high or too low temperature will affect the mechanical properties and appearance quality of aluminum profiles.
7. Operators need to receive professional training and be proficient in the operating skills and safe operating procedures of the extruder to ensure that the operation process is safe and effective.
8. Finally, extruders, molds and other related equipment need to be inspected and maintained regularly to ensure the normal operation of the equipment and extend its service life.
In short, the extrusion process of aluminum profiles involves multiple variables and complex process parameters, so it needs to be adjusted and optimized according to specific conditions in actual operations.
Edited by May Jiang from MAT Aluminum
Post time: Jul-17-2024
